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Australian Researchers Sheds New Light On Heroin Addiction
Researchers from the Howard Florey Institute in Melbourne have identified a factor that may contribute towards the development of heroin addiction by manipulating the adenosine A2A receptor, which plays a major role in the brain's 'reward pathway'.Using mice specifically bred without the adenosine A2A receptor, Prof Andrew Lawrence and his team showed that these mice had a reduced desire to self-administer morphine; heroin is converted to morphine in the body.
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Substance Use And Misuse: Middle Class Relaxing With Marijuana
A variety of middle-class people are making a conscious but careful choice to use marijuana to enhance their leisure activities, a University of Alberta study shows.
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More Than Treatment For Substance Abuse Needed For Homeless Youth, Study Finds
A new study of homeless youth suggests that treating substance abuse and mental health problems may not be enough to help get teens off the streets.Instead, researchers found that creating more opportunities for work, education and medical care were the most important factors in reducing homelessness.
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HPV Linked To Better Survival In Tonsil, Tongue Cancer
Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a series of markers that indicate which patients are more likely to survive cancers of the base of the tongue and tonsils.Most notably, they found that cancers linked to HPV, or human papillomavirus, are the most responsive to current chemotherapy and radiation treatments, while tumors that express high levels of a certain growth factor receptor are the least responsive and most deadly.
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Possible Connection Between Marijuana Abuse And Stroke Or Heart Attacks
Long-term harmful effects of marijuana (MJ) include risk for heart attacks and strokes in addition to impaired learning and memory. The active chemical in MJ called delta-9-tetrahyrdocannabinol (THC) is believed to exert these effects by binding to cannabinoid (CB) receptors located on several cell types in various organs. Scientists have found CB receptors in many organs including the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and spleen.
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Confirmation Of Effectiveness Of Naltrexone For Alcohol Dependence In Alaska Natives And Other Alaskans Living In Rural Areas
Access to treatment for alcohol dependence (AD) in rural and remote areas is limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of two pharmacotherapies for AD - naltrexone alone, and in combination with sertraline - among Alaska Natives (ANs) and other Alaskans living in rural settings. Findings indicate that naltrexone is just as effective on its own as it is in combination with sertraline.
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Alcohol Cravings In Response To Negative Emotions Felt More Acutely By Men
Women and men tend to have different types of stress-related psychological disorders. Women have greater rates of depression and some types of anxiety disorders than men, while men have greater rates of alcohol-use disorders than women. A new study of emotional and alcohol-craving responses to stress has found that when men become upset, they are more likely than women to want alcohol.
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Urging The Public To "Think Before You Drink"
People are being urged to think before they drink as part of a research project aimed at changing people's binge drinking habits.A team of health psychologists at The University of Nottingham plan to discover whether using the workplace to supply information on the health effects of binge drinking and asking employees for a small commitment to reducing the amount they drink in a single session could change people's binge drinking behaviour in the long term.
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Drinking And Driving: Binge Drinkers Have A Disconnect Between Assessing Their Driving Abilities And Reality
While many people believe that alcohol-impaired (AI) drivers are usually alcoholics, in fact, 80 percent of AI incidents are caused by binge drinkers. A recent study conducted among college students has found that binge drinkers, even when legally intoxicated, nonetheless believe they have adequate driving abilities.Results will be published in the July issue of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research and are currently available at OnlineEarly.
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Depressed Teenagers Making Themselves Worse With Marijuana Says US Government Report
A new White House report says that many American teenagers who are depressed and use marijuana to alleviate their condition are more likely to make it worse and even risk developing more serious mental health problems such as schizophrenia, anxiety, and even suicide.
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Benefits In Chronic Pain Outweigh Risks For Painkiller Abuse
As controversy swirls about proper clinical use of opioids and other potent pain medications, research reported at the American Pain Society annual meeting shows that, contrary to widespread beliefs, less than 3 percent of patients with no history of drug abuse who are prescribed opioids for chronic pain will show signs of possible drug abuse or dependence.
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Cannabis Reclassified As A Class B Drug Welcomed By Unite/MHNA
The government's decision to upgrade the legal status of cannabis to a Class B drug was welcomed as a victory for common sense by Unite/Mental Health Nurses Association. Unite/MHNA Chair, Andy Lauder said: "It has been proved time and time again by well-respected medical studies that there are strong links between significant cannabis use and those suffering from mental health problems, or have a disposition to mental illness.
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Government Of Canada Reaches Out To First Nations And Inuit Communities As Part Of Anti-Drug Strategy
The Honourable Tony Clement, Minister of Health, the Honourable Chuck Strahl Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, and the Honourable Rob Nicholson, Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, announced federal funding of $30.5 million over five years, under the National Anti-Drug Strategy, to bolster services across Canada that will help First Nations and Inuit who suffer from drug addictions.
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Use Of Drink And Drugs By Young People For Better Sex
Teenagers and young adults across Europe drink and take drugs as part of deliberate sexual strategies. Findings published in BioMed Central's open access journal, BMC Public Health, reveal that a third of 16-35 year old males and a quarter of females surveyed are drinking alcohol to increase their chances of sex, while cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis are intentionally used to enhance sexual arousal or prolong sex.
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More Drug Users Are Being Provided With Effective Treatment Services But These Are Still Key Areas For Improvement, UK
Healthcare watchdogs are calling for a continued drive to improve drug addiction treatment, to ensure services are delivered consistently across the country. A report released today by the Healthcare Commission and the National Treatment Agency (NTA), shows results from the second of three annual reviews to assess the performance of substance misuse treatment services.
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Cannabis - Decision To Reclassify Is Wrong, Says Mental Health Charity Rethink, UK
Mental health charity Rethink has today expressed its disappointment at the government's decision to reclassify cannabis as a class B drug. Paul Corry, director of public affairs, says: "The government has made a mistake by choosing to reclassify cannabis as a class B drug. This decision goes against all the evidence.
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Adolescent Preference For Alcohol Linked To Adult Heavy Drinking
Scientists in the US studying alcohol behaviour in rats have discovered a link between early drinking patterns during adolescence and a tendency toward heavy drinking in adulthood. They found this was a separate predictor to novelty seeking, anxiety and stress, which are also thought to contribute to vulnerability in teenagers who start drinking.The study is the work of Dr Nicole L.
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Russia Should Increase HIV Prevention Efforts Targeted At IDUs, UNAIDS Executive Director Piot Says
Russia should increase efforts to address HIV/AIDS among injection drug users to slow the spread of the disease, UNAIDS Executive Director Peter Piot said on Saturday during a conference on HIV/AIDS in the former Soviet Union,
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Texas AG Abbott Issues Opinion Allowing Prosecution Of People Involved In Bexar County Needle-Exchange Program
Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott (R) on Monday issued an opinion saying that three advocates involved in an effort to launch a needle-exchange program in Bexar County, Texas, "appear to be subject to prosecution" for possession of drug paraphernalia, the Austin American-Statesman reports (MacLaggan, Austin American-Statesman, 5/6).
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Estimated 750,000 Problem Gamblers Among America's Youth
Gambling activity is widespread among U.S. adolescents and young adults ages 14 through 21, according to a study conducted by researchers at the University at Buffalo's Research Institute on Addictions (RIA). Results of the first national survey of its kind show problem gambling -- described as gambling with three or more negative consequences (for example, gambling more than you intended or stealing money to gamble) in the past year -- occurring at a rate of 2.
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